Removal of a person's blood in small amounts and its replacement with equal amounts of donor blood, especially exchange transfusion of the foetus (intrauterine exchange transfusion) or the newborn to treat erythroblastosis foetalis (or neonatorum) by removing the Rh and ABO antibodies and damaged red blood cells (erythrocytes) and substituting...
Laboratories are typically divided into sections or departments according to scientific discipline. Sometimes, the labs collaborate. In leukaemia, for instance, haematology, biochemistry, molecular pathology, cytogenetics, immunology and microbiology can be all working together on behalf of a single patient.
Primary biliary cholangitis (often referred to as primary biliary cirrhosis) is an autoimmune disorder that causes inflammation and scarring of the bile ducts inside the liver, causing continual liver damage and blockage of the bile flow. It is found most frequently in women between the ages of 35 and 60. More than 90% of those affected by primary...
White blood cell (leucocyte) containing no granules that normally makes up about 25% of the total white blood cell count but increases in the presence of infection. Lymphocytes occur in two forms: B cells, the chief agents of the humoral immune system, which recognize specific antigens and produce antibodies against them; and T cells, the agents of...