Having two different copies of a particular gene, one of which may be abnormal

Production of antibodies against the tissues of one's own body, causing autoimmune disease or hypersensitivity reactions.

One of the five classes of immunoglobulins; it is present in small amounts in serum and is thought to function in certain allergic responses.

A genetic trait found on the X chromosome; women have two copies of this chromosome, while men have only one.

(v. translocate) In genetics, movement of one section of a chromosome to a different position on another chromosome resulting in abnormal chromosome structure

One of the five classes of immunoglobulins; widespread in the body, it is the main antibody defence against most bacterial invasions and other antigens.

One of the five classes of immunoglobulins; a large molecule, it is found in blood and is involved in combating blood infections and in triggering immunoglobulin G production.

Process of removing cells, tissue, or organ(s) from one body and inserting them into another body, especially using surgery

Continuous muscle contraction that is not intended by the patient that can cause unusual twisting (for example the neck being turned to one side) and repetitive motions.

A chemical solution (formaldehyde in water) used to harden and preserve tissues prior to staining and microscopic study. One of a number of fixatives used in pathology laboratories.